When a reading provides complex information about people and organizations, sort out
“who did what” to make it easier to follow.
Practice. Match the names with the correct action or description.
__ 1. The Daily Mail a. supposedly found the diaries right after the plane crash.
__ 2. Robert Kenneth Wilson b. believed Der Stern’s story enough to publish excerpts from the diaries.
__ 3. Christian Spurling c. supposedly met the farmers and got the diaries from them.
__ 4. Duke Wetherell d. didn’t think the story was believable.
__ 5. Ian Wetherell e. published a story about the Loch Ness Monster.
__ 6. The Loch Ness Monster f. probably didn’t like to keep a diary.
__ 7. People in Scotland g. falsely claimed that he had taken the photo.
__ 8. Der Stern h. told about the monster for centuries.
__ 9. Gerd Heidemann i. decided that the diaries weren’t real.
__ 10. Adolf Hitler j. probably doesn’t exist.
__ 11. German farmers k. insisted the diaries were authentic.
__ 12. Dr. Fischer l. created fake diaries in order to sell them.
__ 13. London and New York newspapers m. created a fake monster for the photograph.
__ 14. Scholars and researchers n. asked three other people to help him create the hoax.
__ 15. Skeptics o. actually took the photograph.
__ 16. Experts p. agreed to present the hoax to his newspaper.
__ 17. Konrad Kujau q. wanted to use the diaries to learn more about Hitler.
Thinking about causes and ef fec ts will help you comprehend information about trends
and changing situations.
Practice. Complete each statement with the effect that best reflects the main points in the reading.
1. When people who are aged 60 or older make up 31 percent of China’s population,
a. there will be more social problems for China.
b. there will no longer be families that have more than one child.
c. there will be too many elderly to care for in China.
2. Because of China’s one-child policy,
a. the number of people who are aged 60 or older will increase.
b. the percentage of older people is increasing faster than in other countries.
c. life expectancies are increasing and birthrates are decreasing.
3. Because China’s young are growing up without brothers or sisters,
a. they are considering putting their elderly parents and grandparents in private nursing homes.
b. they will have to bear the full responsibility of caring for their parents and grandparents.
c. there is some conflict and anger between the generations.
4. Because Chinese tradition has always dictated that young people will care for their elderly parents,
a. an increasing number of single young adults face the difficult situation of caring for both their
parents and their grandparents.
b. many young adults who can afford it are considering private nursing homes.
c. today’s realities are causing some anger and conflict between the generations.
5. Because young Chinese may not be able or willing to care for their elderly parents and grandparents,
a. the elderly will need more help from the government.
b. the government will have to start a national lottery to raise money for them.
c. the elderly will have a big impact on the country’s future.
Restating what the writer said in your own words is a good way to confirm your
unders tanding and focus on the main ideas of the reading.
Practice. Restate each of the following paragraphs from the reading in your own words. Each of your
restatement should be considerably shorter than the reading paragraphs.
1. Just in the last century, the way in which we consume material goods has shifted radically. For our grandparents,
and some of our parents, shopping meant buying provisions to satisfy physical needs. Today, in addition to buying
necessities, we shop to indulge ourselves in luxuries—high-priced gym shoes or the latest, most high-tech entertainment
system. And we shop for the sheer fun of it. Most of us acquire continuously—everything from groceries to cars, from
clothing to toiletries, from home furnishings to sporting equipment—and through our acquisitions, we express a sense of
identity, taste, and lifestyle.
2. But some people go overboard. Their spending becomes excessive and often carries troubling consequences. Some
people cannot resist the temptation, and very often they buy merely to acquire. This type of impulse buying can become so
obsessive that people find themselves in considerable financial debt and psychological distress. Recent studies suggest that
extreme impulse buying is on the increase, affecting an estimated 5 to 10 percent of the adult population in many countries.
. 3. We tend to define ourselves by what we buy and have. This often affects how we feel as well. For many, buying
things on impulse is a way of avoiding or hiding feelings of anxiety and loneliness.
4. However, shopping as a way of dealing with internal distress is seldom effective for long. In fact, research suggests
that people who consider shopping to be a priority in their lives tend to experience more anxiety and depression as well as a
lower level of well-being than those who don’t.
Learn to use the context of a reading to determine possible meanings of unfamiliar words.
Practice. Look at the highlighted words in context and choose the best definition for each. Explain
your answers.
1. “The earth is rich in biodiversity with millions of different species of plants and animals. “
biodiversity
a. endangered animals b. the variety of living things c. threats to nature
2. “…the giant panda’s habitat has been decimated—the old-growth bamboo forests where the
pandas make their home are being destroyed rapidly… (T)he polar bear’s icy habitat is disappearing
as a result of global warming, and it’s survival is at risk.”
habitat
a. the food animals eat b. the place animals live c. the extinction of animals
decimated
a. helped b. destroyed c. enlarged
3. “Extinction is one environmental problem that is truly irreversible—once gone, these species
cannot be brought back.”
extinction
a. global warming b. trying to protect animals c. the disappearance of a species
4. “…WWF has advanced giant panda conservat ion by training more than 300 panda reserve staff
and local government officials, working with the community to help save habitat and guard against
illegal hunting.”
conservation
a. trying to protect animals b. dangers to animals c. feeding animals
5. “Biodiversity is reduced when ecosys tems are modified and the habitats of plants and animals are
destroyed…. If one species in an ecosystem disappears, other species are affected. And when one
ecosystem is altered or destroyed, a ripple effect occurs, and the interdependency of all living things
becomes clear.
ecosystem
a. trying to protect animals b. threats to animals c. how plants and animals work
together
When reading statistical information in a chart , try to state the information in
sentences .
A. Practice. Answer the questions, according to the information in the chart on page 58.
1. Which city is currently the third largest city in the world? _____
2. Which city is predicted to become the second biggest city in the world? _____
3. Which city had more than twenty million people in the twentieth century? _____
4. Which two cities are predicted to show the least growth between 1996 and 2015? _____ and _____
5. Which city is predicted to show the most growth between 1996 and 2015? _____
6. Which cities are predicted to no longer be among the top ten largest cities of the world? _____,
_____, and _____
7. Which city is predicted not to change its place among the top ten cities of the world? _____
B. Practice. Now, in your own words, write some statements about the information in the chart.
Examples:
Mumbai is predicted to become the second largest city in the world in 2015.
Seoul will no longer be among the top ten largest cities in 2015.
1. _____________________________________
2. _____________________________________
3. _____________________________________
4. _____________________________________
5. _____________________________________
6. _____________________________________
Practice. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F), based on the information
in the reading. Explain your answers.
25% __ 1. -of women don’t think they’re too fat. 40% __ 2. of girls aged nine or younger are not “happy with the way they are.” 20% __ 3. of girls who are ten are not on diets. __ 4. Over ten years ago, the number of cosmetic surgeries was half what it is today. 30% __ 5. of girls don’t want to look like an actress. __ 6. of girls have never tried to look like an actress.
به وبلاگ ما خوش آمدید. در این جا شما می توانید نکان مهم دوره های آموزشی زبان انگلیسی را مشاهده نمایید . فهیمه فنایی از دبیران باسابقه تصمیم به ایجاد و به روزرسانی هرروز این وبلاگ گرفته تا بر اساس آن بتوان گام دیگری در جهت اهداف آموزش زبان انگلیسی به علاقمندان بردارد. اینجانب (زلیخا علی عمران) افتخار مدیریت وبلاگ و همکاری در زمینه های نویسندگی و ویرایش مطالب در وبلاگ ایشان را دارا می باشم . امید است که مورد رضایت بازدیدکنندگان محترم باشد. لطفا نظرات و پیشنهادات خود را برایمان بنویسید تا برای بهبود هر چه بیشتر وبلاگ از آن استفاده کنیم.
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